Piaget's Developmental Stages
Piaget's developmental theory that is useful for childcare
If you know the stage of your child's development, you will understand that "because it is at this stage, my child is thinking about this and acting." If that happens, don't you think that parenting and education can proceed without stress for parents and children? So, this time I would like to introduce Piaget's developmental stage theory.What kind of person is child psychologist Jean Piaget?Do you know Jean Piaget, a professor at the University of Geneva in Switzerland, a developmental psychologist and a child psychologist?He spends his life as a researcher and scholar on interacting with children, observing children, and reading reports on child psychology, arguing that humans have a common "developmental stage" and intelligence from newborn to adolescence. The development of the baby was clarified clinically and scientifically, and contributed greatly to the progress of psychology in the 20th century. To make it a little easier to understand, I discovered that "children think differently from adults."
Piaget's Developmental Stage Theories
Development occurs when thoughts and actions become qualitatively different systems. The development from one stage to the next means not only that we can do something more, but that we can do things differently.For example, a baby will first crawling and then be able to walk on two legs, but this act of "walking" is not a "progress" of high-high, but a "qualitative change" that is completely different from high-high. It is an act that was done.
Four basic mechanisms of development
Acquisition of schema (cognitive structure / schema): Has a framework for processing informationAssimilation: Process new information with existing schemaAdjustment: Change the way of cognition when new information cannot be processed by the existing schemaBalance: Improve recognition accuracy by assimilation and adjustmentIt is said that development is the change of shema as the equilibrium is repeated.
What are Piaget's four "cognitive developmental theories"?
The "cognitive development theory" advocated by Piaget also influenced the fields of psychology, pedagogy, philosophy, and biology. Let's take a closer look at each stage.Sensorimotor period (0 to 2 years old)This time is not the time to memorize numbers and letters to increase knowledge, but it is very important to work with people around you. Exercise freely and get a lot of voice and skin-ship. It's a time when I can't reflect on it yet, so I make repeated mistakes and mischief, but each time, let's teach only "good / bad" briefly.Pre-operation period (2 to 7 years old)During this period, my linguistic ability has developed considerably, my creativity and imagination have increased, and I love "pretend play". However, it is not possible to think with the feelings of others, and because of self-centered thinking and selfish behavior patterns, conflicts with siblings and friends also occur.Parents get emotional and angry because they are more likely to rebel when they scold, but let's start by listening quietly to what the child says. Then tell them what went wrong and apologize if necessary. By organizing and recognizing mistakes in this way, logical thinking and abstract thinking, which are the characteristics of the next stage, the concrete operation period (7 to 11 years old) and the formal operation period (11 years old and above). Will be tied together.Specific operation period (7 to 11 years old)During this period, communication skills and logical thinking skills develop, gradually breaking out of self-centered thinking, and developing empathy. Then, you will be able to speak and act considering the feelings of the other party. You will be able to understand numerical concepts such as weight, length, and distance, and pretend play will gradually decrease.Formal operation period (11 years old and above)You will be able to think logically and abstractly, and you will understand the course of things. Children will be able to draw images from images, verbal explanations, and videos, even if they have not actually experienced it.How was it? If you do not know the developmental stage of such a child, the way you treat and support as a parent will change. Please use it as a reference for understanding your child's stage and use it for parenting.